What is Diwali?
What is Diwali?
Diwali (or Divali, or Deepawali), the “Festival of Lights,” is the largest celebration of the year in India. It is celebrated worldwide by Hindus on the 15th day of Kartik in the Hindu calendar, which falls in October or November each year.
For Hindus, Diwali honors several events: King Rama’s defeat of the demon Ravana, Lord Krishna’s defeat of the demon Narakasura, and the day Lord Vishnu sent the demon King Bali to rule the nether world. It also marks the Hindu New Year.
Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs also celebrate Diwali. Newar Buddhists in Nepal celebrate Diwali as Ashok Vijayadashami to honor the day Emperor Ashoka accepted Buddhism as his faith. Sikhs celebrate the release of the Sixth Guru, Hargobind, one of their spiritual leaders, from captivity by the Mughal Emperor Jehangir. Jains celebrate the day Lord Mahavira achieved enlightenment or nirvana.
In all traditions, Diwali celebrates the victory of good over evil, light over darkness, and knowledge over ignorance.
How is Diwali Celebrated?
Diwali is celebrated over five days with light, color, and social gatherings. Traditions vary depending on religion and location, but they generally follow this pattern:
Day 1 is when people decorate their homes and offices with flower garlands, Rangoli, and diyas. Rangoli are intricate designs made of colored powder or sand that are placed by the doors of homes to welcome guests and bring good luck. Diyas are small clay lamps that are lit throughout Diwali.
Day 2 is a day for purchasing or making holiday food, especially sweets. It is also the day for visiting friends and exchanging gifts.
Day 3 is the main day of the festival. It is a day for family and friends to come together, feast, and celebrate. Many Hindus offer prayers to Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity, and Ganesha, who symbolizes ethical beginnings and removal of obstacles. At night, more candles and lamps are lit, and everything is illuminated by giant fireworks shows.
Day 4 is the first day of the new year. It is also a celebration of the bond between husband and wife. Husbands often give gifts to their wives, and married children are invited to their parents’ homes for a festive meal and gifts.
Day 5 is a celebration of the bond between brothers and sisters. Sisters traditionally feed their brothers with their hands and offer gifts.
No matter how Diwali is celebrated, the entire festival centers on light, joy, family, and friends.
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